Analysis Of The Text Lady Audley s Secret - 824 Words

Explication Essay In the text â€Å"Lady Audley’s secret (1862)†, written by M. E. Braddon, there are many literary devices that came together to create a unique experience for the reader. The sentences in this text are purposely disconnected into eight lines. When reading a text that has sentences that are connected and flow fluently, it can be heard to determine key ideas. The text breaks up sentences so that key ideas are easily highlighted and specific words are emphasized. Within the eight lines, the author uses a unique sequence of events. The author begins the text by mentioning Talboys, and what he had done to Lady Audley. However, the author refrains from immediately saying who Talboys was in relation to her. Next the author explained,†¦show more content†¦In this line of the text the author also uses the word â€Å"thud†. The word thud is an onomatopoeia, meaning it is spelled the way it sounds as its action is taking place. This enhanced the ability to imagine the sound of the fall. Another instance where imagery is used is when the author uses detailed adjectives to illustrate the size and appearance of the well. Throughout the text the author uses the â€Å"mouth of the well† and the â€Å"cry† of Talboys as defining aspects of his death. Both are presented in multiple places in the text. Braddon used the mouth of the well in the fifth line when Audley initially attacked Talboys and in the eighth line when Talboys was confirmed to be dead. The cry of Talboys was used in the fifth and the seventh lines of the text. Both the mouth of the well and the cry mark the beginning of Talboys attack and the confirmation of his death. The one cry by Talboys also confirmed that his death happened instantly. Characterization plays a major role in the impact of the text. The main character Audley is depicted as an evil woman who killed her first husband without remorse and who threatens her new husband. Audley threatens her husband by explaining to him what she has done to ex-husband, who happened the treated her as he is now treating her. In other words she implied that he can possibly end up like her ex-husband, if he does not change the way he

Essay on The Difficult Lesson of The Enormous Radio

The Difficult Lesson of The Enormous Radio The Enormous Radio by John Cheever begins with Jim and Irene Westcott who are an average American couple with an average American family. Cheever describes them as middle-aged, having two young children, a pleasant home, and a sufficient income. On the surface they seem to have a perfect life, but underneath this is not the case. In the course of the story, Irene’s imperfections are revealed by a hideous radio. The radio was bought to give the Westcott’s listening pleasure, but then they discover it can hear all the neighbors’ conversations. Irene becomes so obsessed with eavesdropping on her neighbors’ conversations, that it blinds her from her own problems. It seems as though†¦show more content†¦In her obsession with the radio she fails to realize how her life was pertinent to the lives of her neighbors. Smith states that Irene becomes so involved in her neighbors’ predicaments, she fails to recognize her own (59). She had deceived herself and everyone else into thinking that life was different from those around her. Not only does she have blindfolds on, but she seeks constant reassurance from Jim that their lives are not like those of her neighbors. After listening to all her neighbors’ problems one day, she cries for Jim’s reassurance that they are happy and content. She tells Jim that, Mrs. Hutchinson’s mother is dying of cancer, and Mr. Hendricks is going to lose his job in April (822). She wants Jim to reassure her that their life is not like their neighbors, so she asks Jim, And we’re not hypercritical or worried about money or dishonest, are we? (823). He lies and says that they are not, but indeed they are. Jim, in fact, worried about money a great deal (823). Jim says, I don’t like to see all of my energies, all of my youth, wasted on fur coats and radios and slipcovers (824). He tells Irene that they need to cut back on their expenses. 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Red Bull Report free essay sample

Red Bull is one of the most famous brands in the drink industry. With an innovative product Red Bull was able to sell millions and millions of cans and to draw profits of dizzy amount. But as often it is not only the product which determinates the success or failure of a company. And of this Red Bull is a very good example. Although nowadays Red Bull has to compete with the biggest drink companies in the world (Coca Cola, PepsiCo), it detains in its segment almost everywhere more than 50% market share. It is true that Red Bull was the first large and international energy drink producer, but for their leadership they did and still do a lot of accurate marketing actions in order to preserve and improve their awareness and image and as consequences their position. Like mentioned the marketing actions of Red Bull were very accurate and coherent themselves. Dietrich Mateschitz, the founder of Red Bull, was spending about two years to create the product and their packaging. He conceived an advertising strategy with basically two slogans (â€Å"Red Bull gives you wings† and â€Å"Red Bull revitalizes body and mind†), which are still in the Red Bull ads nowadays. The message of the ads is always the benefit of the product. This red line has been seen from the beginning until today. Red Bull focused a lot of the functional side of the drink. Also because of that Red Bull is practicing a premium price, they argue that it is easier to believe in an efficiency of a product if it is more expensive than their competitors. A lot of marketing actions of Red Bull wants to show people the different use opportunities of their drink. It should not be only a mixer or a clubbing drink. Therefore Red Bull defined 5 potential users: students, drivers, clubbers, business people and sports people. Red bull was able to get in some way mystic. But why? First of all the category of drink (energy drink) was completely new. Then Red Bull has a clever distribution and a new-market-enter concept. First they are available in â€Å"in† bars, discotheques and stores. They sponsored peers to take Red Bull in the public (confiding in the word-of-mouth) and only in a successive moment Red Bull is available in the discount stores, when a lot of people already know it. They call this concept â€Å"seeding program†, that were able to create a wave of buzz around the drink before and the first time of its apparition. Also the only available packaging (cans of 250 ml without reducing the price if taken in great quantity) contributes to the mystification and success of Red Bull. Red Bull is very active in the event and sponsor marketing, taking a lot of attention if this kind of event or sport (sport sman) fits well together with the message of Red Bull as an energetic drink. So the sports are often extreme sports or related to speed (see Formula 1). All this things were contributing and still contribute to the brand equity. The company has always take care a very lot of their image and awareness. So Red Bull is an example of a good, successful and advised marketing. Do these sources change depending on the market or country? The Red Bull global marketing strategy is to use similar techniques everywhere, without differentiating the product or the brand characteristics depending of different countries or different markets. The Red Bull now-famous package is similar everywhere, characterized by the blue and silver small can (250 ml), which allows the company to give a different idea of drink to consumers. In fact this small can signal that the product is different and stronger than traditional soft drinks. The demonstration of the power and success of this can comes from the Red Bull attempt to commercialize a different package for its product. The company developed a glass brown bottle that had to be sold in places where cans were not allowed; it was introduced in Germany when Red Bull was launched in this country, and the quick demand of the product outpaced supply, so the company was forced to sell glass bottles. As soon as glass brown bottles were commercialized, sales fell off. Dietrich Mateschitz, the company founder, wants Red Bull to be drunk by everyone and everywhere; he wants consumers to drink it whenever they need a lift, whether it is morning, noon or night. This is another point of strength of Red Bull marketing strategy, because the company doesn’t define a specific demographic or psychographic segment as its target market. Red Bull doesn’t want to focus on a narrow consumer target, and this ensured to the company to be able to grow into numerous market segments. Moreover Red Bull’s advertising doesn’t specify any consumption occasions, which further facilitated an elastic positioning. In fact, at the beginning, Red Bull consumers in Austria were dancers, clubbers and ravers who used the drink to stay fresh during late-night parties. This was a very good publicity for the company, because this party-association created a significant buzz around the drink. Red Bull was used primarily as a mixer, a strategy allowed from the company useful to make Red Bull to be present in every kind of place and to be drunk in a lot of contests; in fact Norbert Kraihamer, Red Bull’s Group Marketing and Sales Director, said â€Å"We are not against mixing, but over time we must make sure that the product is regarded as much more than a mixer†. The Red Bull intention has always been to communicate to everyone and in every country same concepts, and to do it the company used animated television spots adopted uniformly across the company’s global market. Said Kraihamer: â€Å"Even in a country where they speak a different language, we send the same message using the cartoon†¦. The power of our marketing mix works†. The mot â€Å"Red Bull gives you wiiings† became a well-known sentence in all over the countries where the drink was sold. Usually the company used a â€Å"pre-marketing† strategy to establish awareness in markets where the product were not yet sold. It consisted in sponsoring events that took place in countries where Red Bull was not available, because like Kraihamer said â€Å" we want to be recognized as the pre-eminent brand, even if we are not there†. Only once Red Bull tried to go over his traditional marketing entry strategy and it was a big mistake. It happened when they were introducing the product into the United Kingdom in 1995. In fact, marketing managers wanted to change the idea of â€Å"stimulating† drink in that one of â€Å"energy† drink. It was a failure. In England consumers were very familiar with sport drinks category, dominated from decades by another brand, Lucozade. Management also changed the word-of-mouth strategy which characterized the awareness of the product until then. All preliminary steps were skipped and Red Bull started to be sold in the largest supermarkets and convenience stores, delaying every kind of buzz that has always been the strength of the brand. The last mistake in which UK management incurred was to introduce a new advertising concept; instead of the usual slogan they used a new one: â€Å"Never underestimate what Red Bull can do for you†, which not really clarify what was the company positioning. What is more, they focused advertising efforts on billboards that were not as effective in communicating product’s benefits as electronic media. After necessary changes, between 1997 and 2001 Red Bull was able to gain the 48% of the energy and sports drink market. Another different, but successful marketing entry strategy was applied during the introdu ction of Red Bull into the US market in 1997. The company used the so-called â€Å"cell† approach, consisting in dividing key markets in the country into targeted geographic segments, rather than attempt a nationwide launch. Even if the entry strategy was different from the usual one, Red Bull didn’t change the sources of brand equity that have always dictated the success of the company by giving to all consumers the same idea of what Red Bull drink was, and which were its benefits like functional product. Red Bull’s Marketing Program Analysis in terms of how it contributes to its brand’s equity. When a new product is launched on a market, first thing to do is to choose brand elem ents, identify points of difference and points of parity. Unless we do that, we can’t start thinking about marketing activities and so on. The reason is very simple. Everything must fit each other. The message that we are sending through our marketing program must reflect the desired perception of our product that we want to fix in consumers’ minds. The truth is that marketing communication is the main source of consumer’s knowledge about the product. There can’t be any misunderstandings or contradictions between this and the brand image. In our opinion, in case of Red Bull’s marketing program, everything was carefully planned. It contributed to build strong brand equity. Everything was important: pre-marketing, sponsorship and way of advertising. First of all, they managed to build one scheme of introducing their energy drink, which they copied in each country. It is how they made the product recognizable in every country in the same way with the same associations across the cultures. It also allowed lowering the costs of expanding, because the product did not need additional adaptation to another country. A very important point of their strategy was to make a buzz over the Red Bull energy drink before launching on a new market. People were talking about this drink, wondering what it is exactly, an atmosphere of excitement was created. This marketing trick was increasing brand’s equity. Firstly, the brand was known before entering the market. Secondly consumers were aware of its benefits and unusual ingredient which was kind of mystery. Of course sometimes the rumors were negative, but still everybody was just waiting to try â€Å"this new thing†. Word-of-mouth communication was the key of their marketing program. Slightly controlled, by for example placing empty cans in clubs and pubs to build an illusion of popularity, it helped to build brand equity based on consumers’ own impressions. As they said: â€Å"we do not market the product, we let the consumer discover it†. Thanks to that, Red Bull users are more convinced of the effect that the drink brings, as it seems to come from them-selves and from peers, not â€Å"from the TV screen†. That kind of media is maybe the oldest one, but the most efficient. It does not mean that they completely resigned from advertisements. In fact, TV commercials are still one of the most efficient ways of influencing consumers as they can reach the biggest spectrum of them and they allows for sight, motion and sound and so they stimulate many human senses. Of course Red Bull had some TV spots, but very simple one. A cartoon always based on the same scenario two people, one advising to another lacking the energy to drink Red Bull and the line: â€Å"Red Bull gives you wiiiings†. It could fit consumer of every age. It allowed the brand not to be classified for only one target group. Although these are young people of 14-19 years old, who are the biggest group of buyers, this openness for people of every age brought by marketing program is the point of difference. Other products of the same category are focusing on specific target group or specific occasion of usage. Red Bull case is different. They wanted to make a product for every occasion. And so advertisements where never specifying the proper time of drinking. They were emphasizing the purpose of using – whenever people are mentally or physically fatigue – these were the only two dimensions characterizing a Red Bull consumer. Thanks to that brand equity increased as it better cover the market. Sampling was a crucial part of the Red Bull marketing program. Energetic people conv incing others to try and drink Red Bull at the right time and at the right place – every aspect of a product trial was carefully planned. Thanks to that brand’s equity increases, because people can try the product just â€Å"in time† to see how it works, to feel benefits and so to spread the good word further to friends. The most important thing that contributed the brand equity was their approach to sponsor sport events. By sponsoring individual athletes or international competitions and events, they were showing brand’s involvement in viewer’s country. This pre-marketing strategy helped to establish awareness of the product and good associations with the brand before entering the market. The whole Red Bull marketing program was well-considered. Marketers have chosen various communication options, which shared common meaning but simultaneously were complementary, to build strong and unique brand equity. They did just one mistake during launching the product on the UK market as they thought it differ from another. Fortunately, they realized their mistake very quickly and they took necessary steps to fix the situation. Future Scenarios for Red Bull How to maintain its momentum? How to develop its extension? What would its marketing strategy be? Red Bull, in spite of its premium marketing strategy, will figure lots of new challenges in the future. Even if there have been some mistakes in the direction’s choices, as the launch in the UK or the attempt to commercialize the tea â€Å"Carpe diem†, it’s clear that they have invented not only a new category of food: â€Å"Functional†, but also a very good way to enter in people’s mind, focusing on each costumer. However, there is a question: how to keep this little empire on the top? Now, more than ever, it is important to focus on its core product, as had happened in the first years. The reason for this is simple: too many big competitors on the market as well as small ones. Consequently to this situation, Red Bull has lost a big market share due to others brands attempting to copy Red bull’s marketing strategies to enter the various segments. Another problem is the major cost they have to support for the different advertising campaigns: more than the 30% of the revenues, in spite of the big competitors like Coca Cola and Pepsi that just spend 9% of them. This is a necessary cost, if Red Bull wants to remain a top brand in its sector. Anyway, as we could see from the results, all attempts to launch new products or to try common marketing strategies have failed or didn’t have much success. A good example of that are the â€Å"Carpe diem† tea and eventually the fast-food chain with the homonymous name. The costumers’ awareness has been build trough the years focusing on every â€Å"cell† they got in; now that all this work has been done, they can’t just adopt big brands strategies. They have to continue to keep the image in people’s mind, the one of their first and so innovative product. In these last years, we’ve seen the scarce answer that the market has given to product as â€Å"Red Bull Light† and above all the â€Å"Red Bull Cola†. This last one, even if it has been presented trough the usual channel used by Red Bull, like the â€Å"Red Bull Teams† out of Universities and Colleges, it had no success. It has been for sure a too big challenge for them. They moved too much from their border this time; it is the reason why in many European Countries the product has not even been launched. It means they’re very scared of the present situation since the big competitors are taking more and more shares of Red Bull’s market. If they want to try to move in new sectors or to create a new product for different segments, they should create other brands. In the present situation they’re giving an image of dispersion, just losing more space without any profit. On the other hand, the evolution of its marketing strategy being a sponsor of extreme and high-speed sports and also the decision to buy a soccer team and to create a F1 team, makes us understand that its basic values are still the same. We can see how it sponsors athletes, who are the best in their ranges, even if their sports are still not so famous, or are not given any particular recognition to. Thanks to that, in the future, Red Bull will have best champions in new, very fashion and extreme sports. To be remembered, the Red Bull project to develop an air team; this requires a lot of money, but gives an enormo us payback in awareness and image. The brand is also very good in creating new events and contests, so to give them a very personal mark. These are the best occasions to strengthen again the relations with its core classes of costumers, like sportsmen and clubbers. At the end, we can say that Red Bull is still doing a really good job thanks to its creativity and fantasy, but it should take care not to get confused and disoriented because of many competitors trying to take its place. Stay focus and remember not to mix new and old challenges. That is the only way to get into the worldwide trade and extension.

Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company Essay Example

Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company Essay A company with low gearing is one that is mainly being funded or financed by share capital (equity) and reserves, whilst the one with a high gearing is mainly funded by loan capital. Now the question to address is which of the two (equity and debt) is cheaper to the company? The answer is that cost of debt is cheaper than cost of equity. This is because debt is less risky than equity and the tax advantage of debt over equity as discussed below: Risk: debt is less risky than equity because: the required return needed to compensate the debt investors is less than the required return needed to compensate the equity investors; †¢the payment of interest is often a fixed amount and compulsory in nature and it is paid in priority to the payment of dividends; †¢in the event of a liquidation, debt holders would receive their capital repayment before shareholders as they are higher in the creditor hierarchy (the order in which creditors get repaid), as shareholders are paid out last. Corporate tax advantage: in the income statement, interest (on debt) is subtracted before the tax is calculated; thus, companies get tax relief on interest. However, dividends (on equity) are subtracted after the tax is calculated; therefore, companies do not get any tax relief on dividends. From the above discussion, we can observe that debt is cheaper than equity when financing a company. However, there are implications of pursing high gearing rather than low gearing. Watzon and Head (2007) described the following as implications of high gearing: Increased volatility of equity returns: the higher a company’s level of gearing, the more sensitive its profitability and earnings are to changes in interest rates. The company’s profit and distributable earnings will be at risk from increases in the interest rate. This risk will be borne by shareholders as the company may have to reduce dividend payments in order to meet its interest payment as they fall due. This kind of risk is referred to as financial risk. The more debt the company has in its capital structure, the higher will be its financial risk. Increased possibility of bankruptcy: at very high levels of gearing, shareholders will start to face bankruptcy risk. We will write a custom essay sample on Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This is defined as the risk of a company failing to meet its interest payments commitment and hence putting the company into liquidation. This is because interest payment may become unsustainable if profits decrease or interest payments on variable rate debt increase. Reduced credibility on the stock exchange: at a very high level of gearing, investors will be reluctant to buy the company’s shares or to offer further debt. The encouragement of short-termist behaviour: in order to prevent bankruptcy, managers may focus on the short-term need to meet interest payment rather than long term objective of wealth maximisation. Effects of capital gearing upon WACC, company value and shareholder wealth The capital structure of a company refers to the mixture of equity and debt finance used by the company to finance its assets. Some companies could be all-equity-financed and have no debt at all, whilst others could have low levels of equity and high levels of debt. The decision on what mixture of equity and debt capital to have is called the financing decision. The financing decision has a direct effect on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The weighted-average cost of capital (WACC) represents the overall cost of capital for a company, incorporating the costs of equity, debt and preference share capital, weighted according to the proportion of each source of finance within the business (Cornelius, 2002). The weightings are in proportion to the market values of equity and debt; therefore, as the proportions of equity and debt vary so will the WACC. Therefore the first major point to understand is that, as a company changes its capital structure (i. . varies the mixture of equity and debt finance), it will automatically result in a change in its WACC. It is important to note that the financing decision (i. e. altering the capital structure) affects the overall objective of maximizing shareholder wealth. This is based on the ground that wealth is the present value of future cash flows discounted at the investor’s required return. The market value of a company is equal to the present value of its future cash flows d iscounted by its WACC. It is fundamental to note that the lower the WACC, the higher the market value of the company, and vice versa. Therefore, a change in the capital structure to lower the WACC can then increase the market value of the company and thus increase shareholder wealth. As a result, the search for optimal capital structure becomes the search for the lowest WACC, because when the WACC is minimized, the value of the company and shareholder wealth is maximized. Hence, it is the responsibility of finance managers to find the optimal capital structure that will result in the lowest WACC.

Bananafish Essays (713 words) - A Perfect Day For Bananafish

Bananafish Just why did Seymour kill himself Picture walking into a hotel room and finding a man dead on a bed. Upon closer inspection it becomes obvious that he has supposedly taken his own life with the gun that lay beside him. In talking to his wife who was asleep on the bed next to him when this incident occurred, it is learned that he just walked in the door and shot himself late the previous night. Out of the many questions that could be asked from this story, I believe that it is probably extremely important to consider why the main character, Seymour Glass, decided to commit suicide. What I believe to be the reason for Seymour's suicide has two basic components: the spiritual depravity of the world around him, and his struggle with his own spiritual shortcomings. The spiritual problem of the outside world is mostly a matter of material greed, especially in the west, and materialism. On the other hand, his own spiritual problem is more a matter of intellectual greed and true spiritualism. In addressing the suicide, the difference should be distinguished between the See More Glass that we see through little Sybil's eyes, and the Seymour Glass that we see through the eyes of the adult world. Even though these two characters are in theory the same man, they are slightly different in some ways. You could also say that they are the same character in different stages of development. Whatever the case may be, the reasons for the suicide shift slightly in emphasis as the character changes. A Perfect Day for Bananafish attempts to symbolize that the bananas in See More Glass's story represent all of the things which are taken in along the journey to adulthood. If pursued with too much zeal, these bananas can prevent spiritual development and lead to a greater materialistic development. See-More has realized that he cannot get rid of enough bananas to make any further spiritual progress in this life, so, rather than waste time, he commits suicide. This is slightly obvious when he is taking the elevator back up to his room on the night of the suicide. His fixation upon his feet, which do not resemble the childlike feet that he desires to have, and the woman in the elevator's scorn towards Seymour's accusing her of staring at his feet, drive him to dislike the adult world even more. He is the bananafish who cannot escape the hole and achieve the spiritualism and childlike characteristics that he so desires. In his opinion, he believes that this suicide will give him the chance that he wants and needs: to start all over again. The anti-materialism of the story must also has to be considered in talking about the suicide. Salinger, perhaps still a little reluctant in 1948 to abandon his own anti-materialism that appears to me to be an early preoccupation of his, in favor of simple materialism and anti-spiritualism, leaves much of the former scattered throughout the story. Seymour's wife, Muriel's name both looks and sounds like the word ?material?. This could possibly symbolize that she, like her mother, is shallow, fashion-conscious, and unwilling to learn German in order to read delicate, world-weary poets like Rilke. Destroying Seymour even more is Sybil's reference to the greedy tigers in Little Black Sambo and her connection to Eliot's Wasteland. This suggests that even this youthful girl has begun to develop a problem with material fixation and spiritual neglect. These strains of anti-materialism in the story complicate the suicide because they suggest that Seymour is opting out of a world that is too materially inclined for him, instead of one in which he himself is responsible for his own unhappiness and spiritual depravity. Both sets of circumstances, Seymour's own intellectual greed along with the general material greed by which he is sure, truly contribute to his suicide. The reasons for Seymour's suicide are thus proven to be muddled in Bananafish, with several different factors coming into play. The interpretation of Seymour obtained from the story is that he is troubled by his own spiritual shortcomings (the result of too much intellectual treasure) as much as by the shortcomings of the people and the world around him. These factors ultimately lead to

National Missile Defense essays

National Missile Defense essays This article was very interesting, Im glad I picked it, because I was never even aware of the NMD and the topics that surround it. I remember hearing about the so called Star Wars defense system of the 1980s, but I never gave the topic a second thought. This article addresses how the system would operate, what it would cost and how it would affect our relationships with other countries, especially China and Russia. The NMD is a system that could be used to stop incoming ICBMs and other forms of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). The idea has been tossed around within congress and between other government agencies; however, it is being looked at very seriously now. With the threat of rogue states acquiring WMD rising everyday the government has to consider the NMD as a necessary tool in homeland security. The Bush administration is very supportive of the NMD. However, it does have its problems. It will be a very expensive program to build, costing around 60 million dollars. Also it will not be operational for a few years. It is also difficult to know how effective it will be. The favored design of the NMD is the hit to kill missile, it is designed to smash into the incoming ICBM and destroy it. So far, the US has not been able to guarantee it will have a high success rate. The only way to truly see its effectiveness is to test it and it is very hard to simulate an ICBM attack. The idea of a NMD is also very controversial on the political table. Russia and China have already voiced their disapproval of the NMD. They say that it will cause the US to have to much leverage if nuclear war were to break out. The US is already the supreme super power in the military world. China and Russia feel that with our nuclear capabilities and the NMD the US would be too far advanced. The US is trying to be sensitive to other countries around the world because we do not want to disrupt r...

Toni Morrison the Book Sula and the Symbol of Water Essay

Toni Morrison the Book Sula and the Symbol of Water - Essay Example Speaking more literally, water is used in the novel to symbolize the border between the sexuality and the experience of death around. First of all, the main character of Sula was taken by Morrison to directly outline the link between the heroine and water. The question is that sula is a sea bird. Thus, water is inseparable for Sula of the novel. Along with the place they lived in (Bottom), the whole story underlines the bottom of heaven where Sula and Nel were placed for living together. The black people living in Medallion tend to justify what everything was all about along with â€Å"what that little girl Sula who grew into a woman in their town was all about, and what they themselves were all about, tucked up there in the Bottom† (Morrison 6). It is a mystery for the main character why their philosophy of living is trite by the majority. Conversely, Sula’s own feelings seek to be evident as long as she feels love, passion, and responsibility for her neighbors deep wi thin her heart. To say more, the theme of budding sexuality in keeping with the best traditions of the Modernism in literature is explored through the symbol of water. Sula and Nel are interwoven into a play they once started in their childhood and continue, though Nel is married to Jude. The sexual intercourse between Sula and Jude is a manifestation of their wetness and soft nature of the water itself. However, it is vital to turn back in earlier times when Nel and Sula were playing with their holes. One episode is peculiar when they stand together â€Å"gazing out over the swift dull water as an unspeakable restlessness and agitation held them† (Morrison 59). It is an intimate dimension of their lives. Water seems to keep Nel and Sula’s feelings in secret until the moment comes. Water is taken in the novel to describe Sula’s personal shelter from the eyes of the surrounding people likely to blame her. In fact, the river setting is a symbol of people falling i n oblivion once the death has come in their lives. At several points water is a symbol of death (Davis 91). The most applicable examples when it is treated like that are the death of Chicken Little and Sula herself. Here comes a contradiction between themes of sexuality leading to birth and oblivion characterizing death. Here, Morrison exemplified the struggle of African Americans: â€Å"Water that should cleanse and purify instead leads to a clogging of human emotions, a beaver’s dam on the souls of the two girls† (Bloom 130). Thus, sexuality symbolized by means of water is intersected by the images of death incorporated in the smoothness of water. Toni Morrison draws upon the symbolic meaning of water trying to amplify the hardships African Americans experience in Medallion. In this respect one of the places in the book reads as follows: â€Å"With the first crack and whoosh of water, the clamber to get out was so fierce that others who were trying to help were pull ed to their deaths† (Morrison 162). Thereupon, water is classified in the imaginary world created by Morrison as both the beginning and the end for all those inhabitants living in the Bottom. Thus, Sula’s tears and her weeping at different places in the book provide a reader with the feeling of sorrow. Nevertheless, the other side of the story is that Sula seeks to find out her niche under the sun, even though the water reminds her of the

Human Resource, HSBC Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Resource, HSBC - Assignment Example HSBC stands for ‘Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corporation,’ and the history of HSBC banks in UK can be traced back to â€Å"17th century† (HSBC- Its History in Wales 2013: 1). The first HSBC bank started its operation in Wales, and at the initial stage they had an association with North Wales bank. They called it a period of opportunities, as much progress took place during this period, such as construction of roads and canals etc. Eventually further changes have been made in the functions and structure of the banking style. HSBC banks have a good relation with peole all over the world, and especially British people. Principles of Human Resources and HSBC Bank: In all its endeavors, it is the objective of HSBC North America Holdings Inc. and all of its subsidiaries (jointly referred to here as the "Corporation") to act fairly and honestly at all times. It is the strategy of the Corporation to comply with the spirit in addition to the letter of all applicable rule sand regulations in all that it does. Violations of this strategy and malfunctions to report known violations will subject the worker to disciplinary procedures, which may comprise termination of employment. Additionally, workers who should have, through the exercise of reasonable diligence, discovered breach of this strategy, but who fail to do so, may be subject to discipline, consisting of termination of employment. Each worker of the Corporation is expected to do the same. In dealing with workers, suppliers and customers, the Corporation makes decisions without regard to religion, origin, race, color, veteran's status, national origin, nationality, sexual orientation, marital status, sex, gender identity, age or disability that can be reasonably accommodated. â€Å"All employees are responsible for ensuring that the working environment is free of any form of harassment, discrimination or inappropriate behavior† (HSBC Finance- Statement of Business Principles and Code of E thics 2013: 1). HSBC Bank and their Financial Stability: The European Financial Stability Facility was incorporated in Luxembourg under the Luxembourg law in the year 2010, on June 7th. Its aim is to protect financial constancy of Europe’s Financial and Fiscal Union by offering temporary monetary help to Euro area affiliate (member) states in complexity. With the intention of reaching its aim, the European Financial Stability Facility can, under the protection of the German Debt organization agency, issue bonds or other liability apparatus on the marketplace to lift the funds desired to offer loans to states that would put forward a request. Questions are backed by assurances specified by Euro region affiliate States of up to â‚ ¬ 440 billion. â€Å"For, HSBC, significant decisions regarding capital allocation and external capital rising are undertaken at a holding company level† (Flint 2011: 2) European Financial Stability Facility is a component of wider security net. Bank competition and monetary constancy have been a rising issue in the United Kingdom among continuing concerns on the subject of extreme marketplace share in key goods as well as authorities' wish to stop a repeat of bail-outs of the bank at the taxpayer's expenditure. The banking society remains dedicated to sustaining the twin intent of guaranteeing fiscal constancy and supporting financial recovery, and is dedicated to

Resolving Matters of Externalities in Systematic Bargaining Assignment

Resolving Matters of Externalities in Systematic Bargaining - Assignment Example The legal framework and procedure that should be followed to resolve the potential or existing dispute between the firms or other parties to an externality are critical (Kaul, 1999). It is therefore important that strategic tools are put in place and surrounding factors captured in settling the affecting individuals.There are legal frameworks that guide the bargaining power of the affected parties when it comes to externalities.It is therefore important that strategic tools are put in place and surrounding factors captured in settling the affecting individuals.The objective of this study would involve determining various forms of externalities that a firm presents to the society. It would also help in establishing whether there are diverse resolutions legal mechanisms to the affected individuals through systematic bargaining approach. Externalities have remained a critical aspect of the corporate world and its relationship with the members of the community (Kaul, 1999). The establishment of a legal bargaining process for the affected members is key in promoting the general welfare of the society by the firms. Besides, the outcomes of the research would provide information that would serve as a literature review in further future studies. Collecting relevant data and incorporating them into existing legal framework reforms would be an uphill task considering the deep political aspects of the corporate world. Besides, the research requires a significant amount of funds and time which poses a real challenge to the resolution mechanism establishment.

The Monsters in My Head, Frank Langellas Essay

The Monsters in My Head, Frank Langellas Essay The Monsters of Life In Frank Langellas essay â€Å"The Monsters in My Head,† Langella describes fear as a monster our imagination that changes as we get older, Langella also describes how one should confront and control the â€Å"monsters† that are in our heads. I agree with Langella, that one should not fear the â€Å"Monsters† of life that one should confront or overcome fear itself because, if one does not overcome these monsters, these monsters will end up eating us or hunting us for the rest of our lives. In Langellas essay â€Å"The Monsters in My Head,† Langella describes that when he was a young kid, a mummy would come into his room every night to hunt him down, but then one night the mummy did not show up for its nightly routine, it had disappeared. Years and years passed till, one night when Langella already had a son, a four year old. Another monster showed up to eat up his sons sleep. Langella went into action with his macho strategy of fighting his sons monster with a pillow. So, from that night on he would always do his heroic achievement, fighting his sons monster off. After weeks of this continuing battle, Langella realized that the monster would return every time his son wanted it to return. Langella then reflected on his mummys disappearance and realized that his own monster had never gone away, it was always there next him, but it had changed shapes and sizes as rapidly as he grew older. As he grew older, Langellas monster went from a mummy to a flying object. The n it changed to a first date, a first rejection and then to marriage and now fatherhood. Then Langella told his son that he was not going to fight the monster anymore because it was his sons monster and he had to fight it himself since the monster was in his sons head, and only his son could control it. The monster never returned to hunt and eat up his sons slumber. It actually changed its form. The monster became his sons new favorite playmate. So, Langella attempts to suggest strategies to overcome and control the â€Å"monsters† or the fears of life. Langellas arguments of controlling and overcoming ones fears are true because I have experienced these â€Å"monsters† or these fears myself through my lifetime. When I was about ten, I used to dread watching horror films because after watching these gruesome-massacring films, I would always relive those scary-horrid scenes in my own dreams or as we well known them as nightmares. So, every time when my family wanted to watch these crimson-thrillers, I would just go to my room and watch cartoons to invade these things we call nightmares or monsters, that will come in the pitch-black night to eat us or hunt us down. One night, my uncle Rodolfo came over to watch the Boogeyman. My uncle told me not to be afraid of fictional-monsters that only existed in my head. So, I stayed that night to watch this terrifying -cliffhanger movie. As I anxiously watched the movie, I realized that the main character, Tim, was also afraid of this monster, the boogeyman, which Tim believed that it li ved in his closet, and would come out at night to terrify Tims sleep away. The point is that one day Tim decided that he wanted to confront this monster, so in other words he wanted to be brave and take control. As I watched the movie, I reflected and realized that I could also control and overcome my fear for screaming-suspense moving pictures or in other words horror movies. Then I told myself everything is in my head these monsters do not exist, they are imaginary. So, from that night on, I always enjoy the thrilling sensation of getting my hairs spike up after seeing a great scary movie without having any monsters invading my wondrous dreams. Like Langella said, we should overcome, control, and fight our own monsters, just like how I had to learn to fight and control my fear of having nightmares hunting me down after watching a horror movie. One has to always remember that these â€Å"monsters† or â€Å"fears† are just in our heads. Langellas argues that these â€Å"monsters† still stand next to us side by side every day, every hour, every minute that the clocks runs, these monsters never go away. They just change shapes and sizes. My monsters are always with me. They are my favorite companions with whom I go to school, my classes, and my every day activities. My monsters are my challenges and fears, my ups and downs; they are what keep me going. The â€Å"monsters† that only exist in our heads are what makes us better persons. Some of the many monsters that have accompanied me through my long journey of life range from high school to adulthood and now to UCR. High school was like that long double twisted rollercoaster that never ends but irony it went by in a flash. High school was like the â€Å"IT† of the wondrous carnival of life. The â€Å"monsters† of high school and adulthood were very judging and responsible for hunting me down but, I was able to conquer them by changing their appearances. High school became my stepping stone to high education and adulthood became my sense of responsible and maturity. Now UCR will become my dearest best friend and one of my new companions in this long journey. Like Langella said, we should not let the monsters in our heads control us we should take control of our fears of losing or failing. Therefore, Langellas suggestions on how the â€Å"monsters† in our heads are just fictional characters of our imaginations going wild. That change as we grow older in maturity and responsible. Lastly we should not let the â€Å"monsters† of life control us, we should actually take gear, control, and override them or else they will run us over.

How College Aids You in Life :: Education College University

Have you ever thought how college could help you improve in life? College is important because it helps you get a good career, good education, and rewards you with vacations. To begin with, college helps one get a good career. In particular, people that have a good education have a much easier time finding success in their life. Most of the highest paying jobs in the world require a college education. In the same way, a college education helps one earn much more money. Having a degree makes sure that you will keep that job and will help you earn a bigger salary within the years you work. In addition, having a college education can help your health and keep you happy. People that enjoy their careers are much happier and have a higher level of well being. Unquestionably, a college education gives you a better paying job. In addition, going to college gives you a good education. For example, a good college education gives you wisdom. Most of college educated people have lots of education, and gives you lots of knowledge. Next, a college education gives you lots of intelligence. A college educated person will a lot on many things especially on what they majored in. Also, a college educated person has autonomy. A person with a college education that has autonomy is independent and has freedom. Obviously, having s college education makes you a better person. Next, going to college rewards you with vacations. Specifically, you go on many vacations. When you have a steady job you earn at least two vacations. Correspondingly, when you are on a vacation you learn that culture. If you go to different places you learn how people talk, eat, how they dress, and how they act. In addition, when you take vacations you go wherever place you want. How College Aids You in Life :: Education College University Have you ever thought how college could help you improve in life? College is important because it helps you get a good career, good education, and rewards you with vacations. To begin with, college helps one get a good career. In particular, people that have a good education have a much easier time finding success in their life. Most of the highest paying jobs in the world require a college education. In the same way, a college education helps one earn much more money. Having a degree makes sure that you will keep that job and will help you earn a bigger salary within the years you work. In addition, having a college education can help your health and keep you happy. People that enjoy their careers are much happier and have a higher level of well being. Unquestionably, a college education gives you a better paying job. In addition, going to college gives you a good education. For example, a good college education gives you wisdom. Most of college educated people have lots of education, and gives you lots of knowledge. Next, a college education gives you lots of intelligence. A college educated person will a lot on many things especially on what they majored in. Also, a college educated person has autonomy. A person with a college education that has autonomy is independent and has freedom. Obviously, having s college education makes you a better person. Next, going to college rewards you with vacations. Specifically, you go on many vacations. When you have a steady job you earn at least two vacations. Correspondingly, when you are on a vacation you learn that culture. If you go to different places you learn how people talk, eat, how they dress, and how they act. In addition, when you take vacations you go wherever place you want.

The Early Purges & Woodchucks

If asked how one feels about animals, most people wouldn’t have a definite feeling one way or another. However, when an animal starts invading their lives and homes, a feeling of strong distaste emerges. Many would not think anything of killing a rodent or insect that started taking over their home; however most people wouldn’t kill a domesticated animal because it is taking up too much room or eating too much food. In fact, killing a domesticated animal, such as a dog or cat, today could result in jail.In the poems, â€Å"Woodchucks† by Maxine Kumin, and â€Å"The Early Purges† by Seamus Heaney, two drastic examples of killing an animal is discussed. Although both of these poems discuss the killing of animals; one is about the extermination of â€Å"pests† and the other is the killing of a family pet. Both poems tell a story of killing an animal; however, they are told from different perspectives. The following is a comparison of each of these poem s and discusses how even though the narrators share a common bond; their story is very different because of their point of view, style in telling the story, and tone in describing the killings.Poets use different points of view depending on how they want their audience to react to a certain poem. In the poem â€Å"Woodchucks†, the audience sees the poem through the eyes of the killer as the events are occurring. This allows the audience to have a better understanding of the events leading up to the killings and exactly how the killings occurred. The poet says, â€Å"Now drew a bead on the littlest woodchuck’s face† (Line 17), and â€Å"Ten minutes later I dropped the mother† (Line 19).The poet describes the actions of the woodchucks as they are happening as well this is seen when she says, â€Å"Next morning they turned up again, no worse† (Line 7), and â€Å"They brought down the marigolds as a matter of course and then took over the vegetable pa tch nipping the broccoli shoots, beheading the carrots† (Lines10-12). Because the events are being told in present tense by the killer, the reader is able to identify her actions and have an understanding for her justification; to save her garden and vegetables.Unlike â€Å"Woodchuck†, Heaney’s poem is told from the perspective of an adult looking back on an event that occurred in his childhood. In Heaney’s poem â€Å"The Early Purges†, an adult recalls a vivid childhood memory of kittens being drowned. In the very beginning of the poem he starts out by saying, â€Å"I was six when I first saw a kitten drown† (Line 1). Although the story is being told by adult, the reader can envision a six year old witnessing this tragic event.He remembers feeling as a child that this was a cruel punishment for the kittens, and states, â€Å"Suddenly frightened, for days I sadly hung Round the yard, watching the three sogged remains turn mealy and crisp as old summer dung† (Lines 10-12). Towards the end of the poem, the narrator, now an adult, has changed his attitude toward the killing of animals. Even though there is no other reason for killing them than to get them out of the way, he acts if killing any animal is warranted.This is seen when the poet says, â€Å"And now, when shrill pups are prodded to drown I just shrug, ‘Bloody Pups’† (Lines 16-18). All the sadness and pain he once felt is gone. The people and storyline in this poem is very different from those in â€Å"Woodchucks†, where the killing of the woodchucks was necessary to stop them from eating the garden. Here, there is no reason given that can justify the killing of the kittens and the only understanding is how the narrator was changed as a person by being a witness to the drownings.Every poet has their own style in the way they compose their work. Both, Kumin and Heaney share the same approach by telling a story within their poem. Al though both of their stories are about killing animals, the way in which they tell it leaves a different feeling for the animals and their killers. In â€Å"Woodchucks†, the narrator takes the readers through her thought process; first, killing the woodchucks becomes her goal; she even dreams about it, â€Å"I dream I sight along the barrel in my sleep† (Lines 27-28). This shows that she can’t stop thinking about it until she gets them.Then, she justifies her actions, â€Å"The case we had against them was airtight† (Line 4). By saying that they had a strong case against these animals, and that this was just the consequence of the woodchuck’s actions. The poet also talks about how the woodchucks are â€Å"taking the food from our mouths† (Line 13). Finally, her guilty conscience arises â€Å"If only they’d all consented to die unseen gassed underground the quiet Nazi way† (Lines 29-30). These last two lines show her guilt and h ow she wishes they had died when she tried gassing them so she wouldn’t feel as guilty.If they had died this way she would have not seen their faces when she killed them so it would have been less personal, but because she shot them one by one she saw each of their faces. In â€Å"The Early Purges† the setting of the farm allows for these differences to become apparent. When the narrator was younger he was exposed to these things. Although he did not agree with them, and he was frightened his exposure was a critical role in how he later justified his actions. When Dan Taggert said, â€Å"Sure isn’t it better for them now? † (Line 7).The child hearing this began to lose his innocence by witnessing the event and hearing that this action was acceptable, which leads him away from childhood and into adulthood where the poet used the farm to explain that, â€Å"on well-run farms pests must be kept down† (Line 21). This is the answer that the child that i s now grown and no longer innocent gives to justify his actions in harming animals. Finally tone is a technique used in both poems, but in different ways. In â€Å"Woodchucks† through her use of tone, the reader can observe a change in her attitude from one stanza to the next.The poet is pestered by woodchucks that are destroying her garden. The first stanza sets the story by saying, â€Å"Gassing the woodchucks didn’t turn out right† (Line 1). Kumin says the â€Å"knockout bomb† that she purchased was â€Å"featured as merciful, quick at the bone† (line 4). This shows that she hoped the gas would be a quick and easy solution to her woodchuck problem. Even though she was able to create an â€Å"airtight† seal on both exits of the underground tunnels, the gas was ineffective because the woodchucks â€Å"had a sub-sub basement out of range† (Line 6).The second stanza describes how the problems still persists and the woodchucks are back â€Å"taking over the vegetable patch nipping broccoli shoots, and beheading the carrots† (Lines 11-12). This shows that it has now become a personal war between her and the woodchucks because they are taking what is hers. In the third stanza she describes herself as a â€Å"pacifist fallen from grace† (Line 15). Which shows her killer instinct is taking over and because of this in the fourth stanza she shoots a mother woodchuck. In â€Å"The Early Purges†, the tone changes throughout the poem as well.The poet starts off as an innocent young child who thinks that the killing of these animals is cruel. This is seen after he witnesses a kitten being killed he says, â€Å"Suddenly frightened, for days I sadly hung Round the yard, watching the three sogged remains Turn mealy and crisp as old summer dung† (Lines 10-12). He sees this as wrong, but he is only a child and can do nothing to change what has happened. Finally he forgets what he has witnessed, but is frightened once again when he see Dan Taggert killing other animals with other cruel punishments.As the poem continues he is now an adult, and from having experienced all these punishments he has now learned to push his feelings aside this is seen when he says, â€Å"And now, when shrill pups are prodded to drown I just shrug, ‘Bloody pups’† (Line 18). He now has no feeling when he sees animals being killed because he has grown up being shown that this was common and acceptable in society. The tone of a poem also has a major impact on how the reader interprets the poet’s work. The use of adjectives, sarcasm and comparisons within the poem creates the mood for the story they are telling.In â€Å"Woodchucks† the tone varies from one stanza to the next. Within the first stanza, it is obvious that she is frustrated by the pestering woodchucks that are destroying her garden. She starts off by saying, â€Å"Gassing the woodchucks didn’t turn out right† (Line 1). Kumin says the â€Å"knockout bomb† that she purchased was â€Å"featured as merciful, quick at the bone† (line 4). She is obviously annoyed that the gas, which she thought would be a quick and easy solution to her woodchuck problem, failed even though she was able to create an â€Å"airtight† seal on both exits of the underground tunnels.In the second stanza she describes how the problems still persists and the woodchucks are back â€Å"taking over the vegetable patch nipping broccoli shoots, and beheading the carrots† (Lines 11-12). Her frustration has turned into anger and she now has a personal war between her and the woodchucks because they are taking what is hers. In the third stanza she describes herself as a â€Å"pacifist fallen from grace† (Line 15). Her killer instinct has taken over any guilty conscious she may have felt once she shoots a mother woodchuck as described in the fourth stanza.Through out the poem, her audience can relate to her frustration as well as to her guilty conscious. Like â€Å"Woodchucks, in â€Å"The Early Purges†, the tone changes throughout the poem as well, except that it covers a large time period rather than a couple of days. The poet starts off as an innocent young child who thinks that the killing of these animals is cruel. This is seen after he witnesses a kitten being killed intentionally. He describes feeling at the moment in the stanza, â€Å"Suddenly frightened, for days I sadly hung round the yard, watching the three sogged remains turn mealy and crisp as old summer dung† (Lines 10-12).He sees this as wrong, but he is only a child and can do nothing to change what has happened. Finally he forgets what he has witnessed, but is frightened once again when he see Dan Taggert killing other animals with other cruel punishments. As the poem continues he is now an adult, and from having experienced all these punishments he has now learned to push hi s feelings aside this is seen when he says, â€Å"And now, when shrill pups are prodded to drown I just shrug, ‘Bloody pups’† (Line 18).He now has no feeling when he sees animals being killed because he has grown up being shown that this was common and acceptable in society. Unlike the poem, â€Å"Woodchucks†, the tone of this poem is depressing as it includes the mind and heart of a child and how he was forever impacted by seeing the drowning. Further, there was no explanation for the killing except that it was a way of life, which offers little justification. At least in â€Å"Woodchucks†, there was a purpose and failed efforts of controlling the problem before she killed them.The authors’ stories in the poems, â€Å"Woodchucks† and â€Å"The Early Purges† are very different from each other even though they are both about killing an animal. In â€Å"Woodchucks† it is understandable why she had to kill the woodchucks as they were destroying her garden and eating her food. After other attempts, she was left with no choice. It is easy to feel compassion for her as even though she started acquiring a killer instinct, she felt guilty and remorse that it had come to her shooting them. In â€Å"The Early Purges†, there is more of a focus on the impacts the killing had on a child.Because there was no justification given for the killings it affected the narrator’s mind and emotional well being. He became hardened after witnessing the killing of family pets. Through each of the pieces of work, the style and tone of the poems was very different as they were from different perspectives. In â€Å"Woodchucks† the audience gets the story from the killer, herself, which provides more details in the process and in her thoughts. Whereas, in â€Å"The Early Purges†, the audience is left without answers and a rationale and instead are left wondering and pondering just like the narrator.

What each character represents to isabel archer in portrait of a lady

What each character represents to isabel archer in portrait of a lady What each person represents to IsabelEach person in the novel represents something to Isabel and makes her feel and think certain things, and she is drawn to different people for different reasons, and I will explore these reasons here. I will explore why she is drawn to some characters, and I will attempt to use this to highlight her choice in a husband.First, I'm going to discuss the character of Isabel archer.She is said to be the perfect Henry James heroine, embodying all of the major preoccupations of his writing career., she is a mix of unlike elements. Isabel Archer is both innocent andknowing. she loves liberty and yet she marries a man who would guarantee her constraint, and she has a strong distaste for the emptiness of conventionality while submitting to it readily and consistently.In her decision of whom to marry, we can find the same mix in Isabel of what seems at first to be romantic rebelliousness and conformity to conventionality.Isabel, Molley, Shanny, Ann + Michelle choping up ...SISTERS:In the beginning of the novel, we hear about isabel's sisters. She has seen her two sisters tied down in unsatisfying marriages, and she decides early on that she is not attracted to that lifestyle.Casper GOODWOOD:Chapter 13: Isabel once again tries to escape the possessiveness of Caspar Goodwood, her American suitor. She feels as if he influences her in such a way that it deprives her of a sense of freedom. He is a very powerful force in her mind and this force always translates in her sense of things to a diminished sense of liberty. She realizes she was very eager to take up Mrs. Touchett's offer to come with her to Europe because she wanted to escape Caspar Goodwood. She thinks of him as a sort of...

Dipole Moment Definition

Dipole Moment Definition A dipole moment is a measurement of the separation of two opposite electrical  charges. Dipole moments are a vector quantity. The magnitude is equal to the charge multiplied by the distance between the charges and the direction is from negative charge to positive charge: ÃŽ ¼ q  · r where ÃŽ ¼ is the dipole moment, q is the magnitude of the separated charge, and r is the distance between the charges. Dipole moments are measured in the SI units of coulomb ·meters (C m), but because the charges tend to be very small in magnitude, the historical unit for a dipole moment is the Debye. One Debye is approximately 3.33 x 10-30 C ·m. A typical dipole moment for a molecule is about 1 D. Significance of the Dipole Moment In chemistry, dipole moments are applied to the distribution of electrons between  two bonded atoms. The existence of a dipole moment is the difference between polar and nonpolar bonds. Molecules with a net dipole moment are polar molecules. If the net dipole moment is zero or very, very small, the bond and molecule are considered to be nonpolar. Atoms that have similar electronegativity values tend to form chemical bonds with a very small dipole moment. Example Dipole Moment Values The dipole moment is dependent on temperature, so tables that list the values should state the temperature. At 25 °C, the dipole moment of cyclohexane is 0. It is 1.5 for chloroform and 4.1 for dimethyl sulfoxide. Calculating the Dipole Moment of Water Using a water molecule (H2O), its possible to calculate the magnitude and direction of the dipole moment. By comparing the electronegativity values of hydrogen and oxygen, there is a difference of 1.2e for each hydrogen-oxygen chemical bond. Oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, so it exerts a stronger attraction on the electrons shared by the atoms. Also, oxygen has two lone electron pairs. So, you know the dipole moment must point toward the oxygen atoms. The dipole moment is calculated by multiplying the distance between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms by the difference in their charge. Then, the angle between the atoms is used to find the net dipole moment. The angle formed by a water molecule is known to be 104.5 ° and the bond moment of the O-H bond is -1.5D. ÃŽ ¼ 2(1.5)cos(104.5 °/2) 1.84 D

Impact of Customer Satisfaction with In-flight Catering to Airline Research Proposal

Impact of Customer Satisfaction with In-flight Catering to Airline Reputation and Profit - Research Proposal Example This research proposal offers to explore an issue of in-flight catering and its impact to airline ratings, competitiveness, and profits of an airline. In-flight catering is one of the major services that have been associated with flights for a long time. This and other on-board services have been provided to long distance flight customers since the beginning of air passenger flights decades ago. In recent years, in-flight catering has come under increasing scrutiny by customers and the media with perceptions about meal quality being given greater attention. In most airline markets, different types of services are operated to cater for different kinds of customers. The services are largely differentiated in terms of cost and distance of flight. According to King, budget airlines and low-cost carriers offer limited on-board catering reminiscent of the flight costs of the airlines; customer expectations about catering service quality are therefore lower than in long-haul flights. Long d istance flights continue to offer significant on-board services including catering, these are open to customer scrutiny with regard to quality and in-flight catering is one of the services that has clearly affected airline ratings over the years. Customers have sometimes characterized airline food as being uninspiring and tasteless. With current competition levels it is evident that customers are increasingly taking notice of airline catering when choosing flights; this may have a bearing on airline reputation and profits over time.

Conservation tasks used by Piaget, James Mc Garrigle and Margaret Essay

Conservation tasks used by Piaget, James Mc Garrigle and Margaret Donaldson - Essay Example The results suggest that whether children conserve or not does not depend on either of the two tasks used but rather on their mastery of identity. This study aims at exploring Piaget's Task on conservation in children and critically evaluating it in the light of the more recent procedure described by (McGarrigle and Donaldson, 1975). Conservation is defined as the realization that number of items, measure or length is not related to arrangement or look of the objects or items. An examle is when a child is presented with a glass full of water, will they be able to deduct that if that same water is transferred to a broader but plumper cup, then will it conserve the quantity and be the same Piaget argues that during the early childhood stage (below 6 years), children's ability to perform logical mental operations is inadequate. In his research, Piaget identified four stages in cognitive development namely; Sensorimotor stage (Infancy), Pre-operational stage(2-7 years), Concrete operational stage (7-11 years) and Formal operational stage (Adolescence through adulthood). ... Children in pre operational stage fail the the test of conservation because their thinking process does not comprehend the three principles of reversibility, compensation and identity. This has been interpreted to mean that before certain ages children are not able to perceive things in certain ways. The theories have found wide usage especially in developing school curricula, however other psychologists have disagreed with them. They have argued that conservation tasks do not necessarily reveal an essential limitation in the child's appreciation of quantity. Below are some of the arguments as to why children may fail to conserve: That the subjects may be distracted by the procedure. They may think that the experimenter wants them to answer in a certain way especially if the question is repeated. That the child may forget if the experimenter interfered with the information stored in Short Term Memory. Porpodas (1987). The children may not understand the relational terms. That the conservation task being artificial would normally make no sense to a child. Lenz (2003) argues that Piaget does not take into account matters of simplicity or complexity of the task and that if a task is simple enough the child may perform correctly but if complex, even an older child may make pre-operational mistakes. Indeed, in an effort to illustrate that children younger than in Piaget's typical age can conserve, many researchers have modified Piaget's original procedure. For instance McGarrigle and Donaldson (1975) assert that if the transformation is bought about accidentally then the number of 5-6 year olds conserving will go up. This study is to

Toulmin Schema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Toulmin Schema - Essay Example The researcher states that the Federation Aviation Administration (FAA) requires airlines to give their crew a 10-hour rest time before commencing a duty period that includes flying. The ten-hour rest period may include the time a crew takes to commute to or from their houses or hotel room. Moreover, the carriages should not reduce the actual time for sleeping the chance to below 8 hours. Meaning the pilots and crew only have two hours to commute, which practically is not enough, thus they end up eating into their 8 hour sleeping time. Additionally, FAA has extended the length of continuous time off during a one-week period from 24 hours to 30 hours. The flight crewmembers should use the rest opportunity to sleep instead of doing other things during the period. The FAA further asserts that persons whose internal clock may be off due to flipping back and forth between different zones require additional time off. However, airlines rarely observe these rules and regulations. Jochen Wirt z and Loizos Heracleous assert that motivating staff through rewards and recognition has helped Singapore Airlines build desirable behaviors among crewmembers. The airline offers interesting and varied job content, symbolic actions, performance-based share options, and a significant percentage of variable pay components related to a person’s contributions and the airline’s financial performance. The company also provides bonuses based on its profitability. Additionally, the company uses its numerous international accolades, companywide meetings, and open communication to make staff motivated. Motivation and communication have helped Singapore Airlines realize service excellence. This approach has created job satisfaction, and overall, excellent service to customers.

Industrial Grinders Essay Example for Free

Industrial Grinders Essay With the introduction of less costly plastic rings by company, Henri Poulenc, Industrial Grinders is faced with a decision of a total changeover from steel rings to plastic rings for their machines that would also fit similar machines manufactured by other companies. Henri Poulenc has introduced the less expensive plastic rings in a small market affecting 10% of Industrial Grinders’ sales . Industrial Grinders believes the market will eventually change-over to all plastic rings. Industrial Grinders must decide a timeline for changing production. It is estimated that production could begin by mid-September. With raw steel and steel rings already in inventory, IG must sell-off existing inventory before changing total production to all plastic rings. a. Plastic Rings versus Steel Rings Steel rings last approximately 2 months Plastic rings last approximately 8 months 100 steel rings cost $263.85 to produce 100 plastic rings cost $66.60 to produce At a weekly profit/Loss, Net income for 690 steel units would be $390.00 At a weekly profit/Loss, Net income for 172.5 plastic units would be $437.80 If sales continue at 690 units per week from May to mid-September, 10,350  units will have been sold, leaving 15,100 steel rings in inventory at a cost value of $39,713. This would require approximately 22 more weeks of sales to deplete inventory. As steel rings will last for two months, the sale of existing steel rings will have a faster turn- around time for continued depletion of stock. Knowing that Henri Poulenc is affecting sales in only a small portion of Industrial Grinders’ territory, retooling for plastics should also begin while steel rings are being phased out. Industrial Grinders can continue to charge the same amount, or more, for its plastic rings, as Henry Poulenc has set the standard in pricing. During the upcoming slack period, the company will employ workers at 70% of regular wages to finish all steel production, while full-time staff completes retooling on available machines. Examine alternative theories, assumptions and ideas: a. Rings account for a substantial portion of Industrial Grinder’s revenue. b. Plastic rings, sold by Henry Poulenc, are sold for at least the same amount as Industrial Grinder’s steel rings. c. Only 10% of Industrial Grinder’s market is affected by Henry Poulenc. d. Henry Poulenc is the only company producing plastic rings. e. Shipping weight for plastic rings is less than steel rings. f. As plastic ring use spreads, the customer will demand the longer lasting plastic ring. g. Steel ring production will be phased out due to market demand for plastic rings. As the future production of rings within the industry will undoubtedly change from steel to plastic, Industrial Grinders must take swift action to keep up with industry changes and customer needs – jumping ahead of further competition. However, taking into consideration the 8 month life of plastic rings and their lower production cost as opposed to the 2 month life of steel rings at a higher production cost, sales must increase to sustain the higher profit margin of plastic rings. Determine the appropriate actions, alternatives or conclusions for the case: Industrial Grinders should change to plastic ring production. As plastic rings have been introduced by competitor, Henry Poulenc, rings with a longer life will be in increasing demand by customers. Industrial Grinders must forge ahead and heavily market the plastic rings as a better product for their customers. The plastic rings are less expensive to make, less costly to ship but have a longer life on machines. Although some revenue will be lost due to the longer life of plastic, Industrial Grinders will recoup losses with added sales. 2. Inventory Analyzing the cause of the problem or situation A changeover to plastic rings poses a problem for Industrial Grinders. Its inventory of special steel and inventory of produced steel rings must be dealt with before or during the production of plastic rings. a. Raw Steel The raw steel inventory cost value is $26,444. The steel cannot be sold to another party and will have to be used or counted as a loss to the company. b. Steel Rings The steel ring inventory cost value is $67,149. These rings could be sold within the existing market.The total cost of raw steel and steel rings inventory exceeds $93,000.00. The decision whether to use all raw steel and sell all existing steel rings becomes a major concern within Industrial Grinder’s management. Examine alternative theories, assumptions and ideas: a. Industrial Grinders wants to change from steel rings to more cost effective plastic rings. b. Management does not want to absorb the cost of unused inventory. c. Not all management agrees on use of raw steel inventory. d. The introduction of plastic rings will spread throughout the industry. e. Industrial Grinders could produce steel rings while retooling some machines for plastic production. f. Industrial Grinders could sell existing steel rings and take a loss on raw steel. Determine the appropriate actions, alternatives or conclusions for the case: Industrial Grinders is faced with a financial decision regarding disposition  of current inventory. Believing that the future lies with the more cost effective plastic rings, IG should continue to sell existing steel ring inventory while producing further steel rings, using the raw steel inventory on hand. The plant down time could use excess labor to deplete the raw steel. During this period, retooling could also occur and plastic ring production would begin. The machining changeover would be possible with a minimal cost of $1800.With Henry Poulenc affecting only 10% of IG sales, Industrial Grinders should deplete stock and introduce plastic rings. 3. Management Concerns Analyzing the cause or problem of the situation: Within management, it is agreed that plastic rings should be produced. However, the disposition of inventory on hand is not agreed upon between sales management / engineering and plant management/ parent company management. a. Sales Manager, Harry Greiner, believes inventory could be counted as a loss. Plastic production should begin and steel rings should no longer be sold. Selling both steel and plastic would be cause for market retaliation. b. Development Engineer , Anders Ericsson, is concerned about inventory not being depleted by plastic ring production in September. c. German Plant General Manager, Lawrence Bridgeman, is concerned about inventory. He believes, at the onset, that plastic rings should only be sold in markets affected by Henry Poulenc. d. Parent Company Head, Hein Van Boetzalaer, agrees to plastic rings but states that IG must use inventory. Examine alternative theories, assumptions and ideas: a. All but the Sales Manager are concerned about inventory cost. b. Selling plastic rings within some markets may cause steel ring sales to slump when other customers learn of the plastic rings and their longer life. c. The raw inventory could be in production during plant down time. d. The existing steel rings could be sold while the raw steel could be accepted as a loss. e. Henry Poulenc is the only company producing plastic rings. f. IG has time within the industry to sell all existing inventory while retooling for immediate production of plastic rings. Determine the appropriate actions, alternatives or conclusions for the case: Industrial Grinders upper management should implement the course of using and selling the existing inventory while retooling for plastic rings. Although sales and engineering opinions are taken into account, the idea of taking a loss for inventory on hand is unacceptable in IG’s current position. Henry Poulenc only affects 10% of IG’s current market. Upper management must make the decision on the company’s future operations. It is not proven that IG’s total market must immediately receive plastic rings. Depleting inventory, while offering plastic rings in the affected market , is an acceptable alternative. Depleting inventory first, then changing to all plastic rings is also an acceptable alternative. However, the parent company must decide the fate of inventory and future plastic production.

Cultural Anthropology Book Report Essay -- essays research papers

Classical Readings on Cultural Anthropology What do we have to learn through the study of different cultures? I was hoping for some wonderful revelation in the collection of writings. I may have found one. This book was a difficult read for me. I am not sure whether it’s my age or my inexperience with classical readings. I also found it difficult to formulate a report on a collection of readings, the last report I did was on Laura Ingall’s Little House on the Prairie. This reading was a little more challenging. The main point that seemed to jump out at me is that perceptions change, our theory of reality changes with every viewpoint. Every culture can seem primitive, self destructive, nonsensical, immoral or just wrong, depending on who is doing the observation and what perspective they are observing from. In the first reading, Narcirema, points very clearly to the fact that our own culture could seem very odd, irrational, and ritualistic to an outsider. But aren’t we all outsiders to everyone else? Don’t we see ourselves as â€Å"normal† and everyone else as â€Å"abnormal†? I think it is human nature more than ethnocentrism. My daily rituals would seem very irrational to another woman of my age in different circumstances. That’s where the saying comes from that you don’t really know a person till you walk a mile in their shoes. The second reading of â€Å"Queer Customs† gets right to my point that culture is an abstraction; therefore each person doing the viewing views it differently. Culture is pointed out as being a â€Å"way of thinking, feeling, and believing† and since I have never met anyone who thought exactly the way I did about everything, one would have to conclude that we each have our own culture and our own views of other cultures. I wasn’t really sure that the next reading really fit in with the others in the book. Rapport-talk versus Report-talk seemed insignificant to the other passages. It is a well-known fact, in all walks of life that men and women of any race, creed, or culture are different and that we have different and sometimes contrasting ways of communicating with each other. I was surprised to find this seemingly simple theory in this book. Yet again back to my question; am I getting the intended message from the author? The Christmas Ox story made so much more sense to me and had great importance when I read the passage on Potlach.... ...tely cause the demise of the entire culture. Sharp’s and Bodley’s detailed description of simple â€Å"helpful† actions that have generational, historical implications are dramatic and still, and maybe even more so, relevant to modern cultural diffusion. We don’t often think critically about our efforts to â€Å"help† others. We just dive in and â€Å"fix things†, this seems to come with the thinking that â€Å"we know better than they do†. This is a common problem in today’s governments around the world. This is the result of ethnocentrism. This book has certainly taught me one thing. American culture is very ethnocentric. Ours is one that is a â€Å"nightmare† to navigate the good and the bad because there are so many double standards. I think this speaks to the very core of contention among Americans these days. Very few of our leaders do what is right, and each of us has our own definition of right. Maybe if more people could really walk outside of their own daily rituals, beliefs, habits and commandments, and truly look at human kind without a superiority gauge, then the world would be a better place with less war, less suffering, less judgment and more peace, happiness, success, and creativity.

A Letter for My Future Husband Essay

After reading â€Å"Why I Want a Wife†, I disagree with Syfers’ opinion when she created an example of a perfect wife who has the responsibilities to meet her husband’s needs. I am looking for a husband, but it seems too early and so far away for a high-school girl who wants to get into a holy matrimony. However, the real question is if a wife has all the responsibilities to do everything, what would a husband do? If I am a wife, I will not expect my husband to be handsome or rich. Instead, I do expect my husband to have a good personality so that we can have a healthy relationship. I want a husband who will respect me, share responsibilities with me, and be honest with me. I want a husband who will respect me the way I respect him. However, I have a right to keep my own private space, and I do not want my husband force me into talking about things that I do not want to say. On the other hand, I am glad to listen to my husband’s complaints, because it is a way to show respect and it will also help me learn more about him. I want a husband who will never scold at me in front of other people even though I may be difficult. For instance, when my friend and I are talking in the living room, my husband should not directly walk in and order me to prepare a meal for his friends. Even if I refuse, my husband should not yell at me in front of my friend. Instead, he should be kind and respectful. I want a husband who can comfort me when I am not in a good mood, and listen carefully when I am talking. While he is listening, it should not be in one ear and out the other because he should be attentive. Just like Syfers’ point,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦I want a wife who will listen to me when I feel the need to explain a difficult point†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I want a husband who will share the family’s responsibilities with me. Women nowadays are becoming economically independent, so taking care of the children is not only a wife’s responsibility. â€Å"I want a wife to keep track of the children’s doctor and dentist appointments†¦I want a wife to make sure my children eat properly and are kept clean. I want a wife who will wash the children’s clothes and keep them mended. I want a wife who is a good nurturant attendant to my children and who a rranges for their schooling†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I disagree with Syfers’ opinion that a wife should be the one to take care of the children, because a husband could also take care of the children when his wife is at work. I do not want  my husband to stand around and do nothing when I am cooking. Since I am not a good cook, I want a husband who can â€Å"Plan the menus, prepare the meals† when I am not in the mood for it. I want a husband who is good with technology so he can fix electronics, and also be good with chores so he can help me to keep the house clean. I want a husband who is always be honest with me. Honesty can bring a couple closer to each other, and prevent misunderstandings. I want a husband who will not betray me, and he will not say one thing in front of me and then do the opposite behind my back. I am woman who always tend to be sentimental, and because of that, I want my husband to be a straight shooter who is devoted to me and will not lie to me. I believe that men and women are equal, so I can not accept the husband that Syfers describes, â€Å"If, by chance, I find another person more suitable as a wife than the wife I already have, I want the liberty to replace my present wife with another one.† I want a husband who will unconditionally love and trust me, like the â€Å"Star-Crossed Lovers†, who loved each other to the point where they died for one another. I expect my husband to have a good personality that who can support my emotional, physical and mental needs. However, I want a husband who will not lose his temper easily when I flare up in an unreasonable manner. I want a responsible husband who can do things that I cannot do. I want an honest husband who can read my thoughts and promise me he will not be a liar. If love is an apple, then I am a girl who is searching the other half of the apple. My future husband, where are you?

Orientalism as a lens to A Passage in India Essay

Orientalism is described by Edward Said as an integral part of European civilization and culture. Orientalism has been a part of the culture globally. The author of â€Å"Orientalismâ€Å" had used three types of definition in his essay. Academically, Said had defined Orientalism is as a label. Anyone who studies and seeks information about the Orient can be considered an Orientalist. He had also defined Orientalism as the study of the Orient. However, it can also be considered as an ideology based on â€Å"ontological and epistemological† difference between the Occident and the Orient like what the author did to the Passage to India. As stated in the text, the comparison of both worlds where the inland natives and the Europeans is clearly seen and differentiated. In the text, the author of the passage to India said that â€Å"Chandrapore was never large or beautiful, but two hundred years ago it lay on the road between Upper India, then Imperial and the sea, and the fine houses date from that period. † This passage shows that the author viewed the place as beautiful during the colonization period. Politically, it is a known fact that the Occident or the Western part of the globe (Europe) had dominated the Orient. This relationship gives a presence of power domination of the Occident against the Orient. Therefore as Said explains in his introduction, Orientalism is believed to be more of a sign of European Atlantic power over the orient. Furthermore Orientalism shows the superiority of the Westerners as a race, as described by Denys Hay. In the Passage to India, there had been a description regarding the democracy of the people who lives in Chandrapore. â€Å"The zest for decoration stopped in the eighteenth century, nor was it ever democratic. This only shows that the decorations and the like are dictated by the colonizer. The view of the author in â€Å"A Passage to India† only shows that the author sees the natives as nomads. Socially, the aspect of Orientalism is also studied by Said as an exchange between individual authors and the large political concerns from the three races who had colonized the Orient, namely British, French and Americans. The author describes the word Orientalism as a word that had been used by the west. Orientalism is seen as a system of citation from authors. The cultural role played by the Orient in the west had connected the word to the ideology, politics, the logic of power and relevance. The essay â€Å"A Passage to India† illustrates the difference of times from the colonization period and the present times. This is shown in the same passage shown above â€Å"Chandrapore was never large nor beautiful, but two hundred years ago it lay on the road†¦and the fine houses date from that period. The zest for decoration stopped, nor was it ever democratic. From this passage, the author shows that in the eighteenth century, fine houses and decorations are mandated by the colonizers during that time. It had described the times before as the glorious years and as such prosperous and a very profitable city. However, the author believes that through time, there are several changes that had made the city that way in the present. As such the author describes the place as lifeless and unholy, this is so because there was a note in the passage in the first paragraph that â€Å"Ganges is not holy here†. The river Ganges is considered as a holy place in India. Through that statement it shows that the author perceives the city of Chandrapore as an unholy place. Furthermore, it can also be understood from the writing style of the author that the only beautiful sight that can behold in a distance are the houses of the Europeans. This can be further verified in the passage â€Å"Inland, prospect alters. There is an oval maidan and a†¦hospital, houses belonging to Eurasians stand on the high ground†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The passage only shows that because the houses are built in high ground it is obvious that the author describes this places as high society. It also describe that the Europeans are the ones who are benefiting from the land of India. This is so because in the passage written next to the description of the European Houses is the comparison of Chandrapore. It can be seen in this passage â€Å"†¦second rise is laid out in the Civil Station and viewed hence Chandrapre appears to be a totally different place†¦It is no city but a forest sparsely scattered with huts. † This only show that the foreigners live in concrete houses in the city, while the original inhabitants of India live in mud huts in the forest. The Introduction of Orientalism written by Said and A Passage to India can be related in terms of the British Colonization. Edward Said describes the superiority of the Westerners against Oriental Culture. It is evident that the British had colonized India in a very long time. The term Orientalism shows the superiority of the Western Race against India. On the other hand, the essay A Passage to India shows the superiority of the westerners in terms of the beautiful houses and distinctive buildings seen from the European Communities as compared to those of who lived in India. It is evident in both essays that they are showing the inferiority of the people in the Orient and at the same time the people in the Orient are not doing anything to argue the point. Based on the different descriptions of the places and knowledge that both authors share, it can be seen that they see the Orient as a very prosperous place that is rich in culture. Both authors think that the Westerners had exploited this riches to their benefit. Political issues can be seen in the description of both authors in the text. In the Orientalism essay, Edward Said thinks that Orientalism represents the opposite of the Occident. If the Occident is very advanced, that is how Orientalism is backward in its ideologies and technology. On the other hand, in A passage to India, it can be seen in the description of the text. The place where Eurasians lived were described as a city with complete amenities such as the hospital and houses. However, on the other side of the land is Chandrapore, which the author describes as a city of gardens. This could mean that the author sees that the Eurasians live in houses while the Indians live in the forest. As a conclusion, both authors are partly right in their claim that Orientalism had been a word used by the Westerners to show their superiority over the Orient as stated by Said in Orientalism. This domination is also seen in the essay â€Å"A Passage to India†. As mentioned in the essay â€Å"A Passage to India†, Europeans had created an environment that is prosperous compared to where the Indians reside. However, it must be noted that the Oriental people had been the ones who had let the colonization happened. The thinking of the Orients and the Westerners are different in terms of colonization. Orientalism can be a very strong word and as the author said this is an ideology of the Orient and as such, the word must not be used as a representation of who is superior over the other. A Passage to India had shown the different ways of life before and also the different lifestyles that the colonizers and original inhabitants of the place. The essay of the A Passage to India can be patterned after the Orientalism of Said in a different way, Orientalism showed the difference of both worlds through culture, A Passage to India showed the difference through the lifestyles. As such, one can conclude that the Orient had let the domination of the Westerners happen. In other words it can also be described that the Orients had welcomed the invasion of the Westerners because they had given additional knowledge, culture and beliefs to the Orients. In order to assess the true meaning of the word Orientalism and to further see the true image of the Orient, one must consider the cultural aspects before the Westerners had come to the Orient. The knowledge, political and social systems of the Orient can only be seen from the eyes of the people who live there. When the Westerners came, the Orient had been influenced in their political systems and social status. This in turn has given the authors of both essays the idea that the Westerners show their superiority through the illustration different cultures and ways of life by the Westerners.